Technical Notes

Understanding Embeddings: The Hidden Power Behind Language Models

Large Language Models like GPT, Claude, and Gemini rely on embeddings — dense vector representations of words — to generate accurate and context-aware responses. This post explores the history of embeddings from early methods like N-grams and One-Hot Encoding to the breakthrough of Word2Vec, and explains why embeddings are key to enabling AI tools to understand and process language effectively.

Fig 1.1: Topological visualization of projection-induced drift in transformer-based vector spaces.

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